Brainstem glioma

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A brainstem glioma is a cancerous glioma tumor in the brainstem. Around seventy five% are recognized in kids and teenagers underneath the age of twenty, however were recognised to affect older adults as properly. Brainstem gliomas begin in the brain or spinal cord tissue and commonly unfold at some stage in the nervous machine.

SURGERY OF MALIGNANCY (CANCER)

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Medical procedure/Surgery can help oversee or treat harm by either eliminating the growth, restricting it and additionally deciding if there has been a spread to other organs. When undertaking a medical procedure for danger, there are six significant goals which are considered. These incorporate "counteraction of malignancy, analysis and arranging of sickness, illness fix, cancer debulking, indication vindication and patient rehabilitation".

Careful avoidance of malignant growth generally comprises of eliminating the organ in danger of creating malignancy. This would happen if an individual is inclined to the development of harmful cells because of acquired hereditary transformations and, procured sicknesses.

Post-Transplant Malignancy

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People who go through organ relocate a medical procedure have an expanded danger of creating threat in contrast with the general population. The most widely recognized type of harm being "nonmelanoma skin disease and, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders". The various sorts of harm created post-relocate rely upon which organ was transplanted. This is connected to beneficiaries being at a higher danger when presented to conventional danger factors just as, the sort and force of the activity, the span of their immunosuppression post-activity and, the danger of creating oncogenic viral infections.

Risk factors of Malignancy Cancer

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Customary danger variables of creating harm incorporate smoking, sun openness and, having a past filled with disease in the family. Other danger factors incorporate creating post-relocate harm which happens resulting to strong organ transplantations.

Triggers - Causes of Malignant cells

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Irresistible illnesses assume a part in the improvement of harm, with specialists of irresistible infection having the option to create a huge number of dangerous cells. These incorporate bacterial causes, contagious and parasitic causes and, viral causes. Bacteria, organisms and comparative microorganisms can frame a climate inside conditions of ongoing aggravation which brings about oncogenic potential. Viral specialists can help the arrangement of threatening cancers because of an instrument of cell transformation. This cell change can happen through by the same token "DNA reconciliation or cell DNA modification of development controller genes". Inflammation can likewise assume a part in setting off threat as it can advance phases of growth formation. The primary motivation behind irritation is to fix tissue, guard the body against microbes and recover cells. simultaneously, incendiary cells can likewise communicate with threatening cells to shape a provocative growth microenvironment. This climate improves the probability of shaping threatening cells through blockage of hostile to cancer immunity. Once this happens, the fiery cancer microenvironment starts to convey growth elevating signs to epithelial cells, setting off the development of harmful cells.

Signs and Symptoms of Malignancy

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When Malignant cells structure, indications don't normally show up until there has been a critical development of the mass. Once signs and side effects do emerge, they are reliant upon the area, size and kind of harm. As a rule, it is very broad and can be related with different sicknesses or illnesses and in this manner, can be hard to analyze or can be misdiagnosed. 

Signs and Symptoms are incorporate recognizable or quantifiable perspectives, for example, weight reduction (easily), a fever or uncommon bleeding. On the other hand, indications are felt inside by the individual like weakness or changes in appetite. An overall rundown of normal signs and side effects incorporates torment (migraines or bone hurts), skin changes (new moles or knocks), hacking and strange bleeding. There are likewise signs and manifestations explicit to females including stomach torment and bulging or bosom changes i.e., the arrangement of a lump. Signs and indications explicit to men incorporate agony or developments in the scrotum or trouble urinating.

Classification of Malignancy (Cancer)

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Harm in diseases is described by anaplasia, obtrusiveness, and metastasis. Malignant growths are likewise portrayed by genome flimsiness, so tumors, as evaluated by entire genome sequencing, much of the time have somewhere in the range of 10,000 and 100,000 changes in their whole genomes. Cancers as a rule show cancer heterogeneity, containing numerous subclones. They additionally as often as possible have decreased articulation of DNA fix compounds due to epigenetic methylation of DNA fix qualities or adjusted microRNAs that control DNA fix quality articulation.

Malignancy (CANCER)

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Malignancy (from Latin male 'seriously', and - gnus 'conceived') is the propensity of an ailment to turn out to be logically more regrettable. 

Malignancy is generally recognizable as a portrayal of disease. A threatening growth diverges from a non-harmful harmless cancer in that a danger isn't self-restricted in its development, is fit for attacking into adjoining tissues, and might be equipped for spreading to far off tissues. A harmless growth has none of those properties.

Treatment of Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)

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Medical procedure, with as wide an edge of expulsion as could really be expected, has commonly been the best and favored way of assaulting LMS. On the off chance that careful edges are limited or not satisfactory of growth, in any case, or in certain circumstances where cancer cells were abandoned, chemotherapy or radiation has been displayed to give an unmistakable endurance benefit. While LMS will in general be impervious to radiation and chemotherapy, each case is unique and results can differ broadly. 

For metastatic (boundless) illness, chemotherapy and designated treatments are the best options. Chemotherapy regimens are include: doxorubicin/ifosfamide and doxorubicin blend/gemcitabine and docetaxel/trabectedin; pazopanib is the designated treatment utilized in metastatic leiomyosarcoma as second line and is well tolerated.

LMS of uterine beginning frequently reacts to hormonal treatments. As of 2020, a few clinical preliminaries for uterine LMS are active.

Where does the Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) occur in your body ?

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), can happen in any delicate tissue site in the body, however is fundamentally found in the head, neck, circle, genitourinary parcel, private parts, and limits.

 

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There are no unmistakable danger factors, however the illness has been related with some inborn abnormalities. Signs and indications change as per growth site, and forecast is intently attached to the area of the essential cancer. Normal locales of metastasis incorporate the lungs, bone marrow, and bones. There are numerous grouping frameworks for RMS and an assortment of characterized histological sorts. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the most widely recognized sort and involves around 60% of cases.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) - CANCER

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Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), is a profoundly forceful type of malignant growth that creates from mesenchymal cells that have neglected to completely separate into myocytes of skeletal muscle. Cells of the cancer are distinguished as rhabdomyoblasts.

There are four subtypes – embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, and shaft cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma. Embryonal, and alveolar are the fundamental gatherings, and these sorts are the most well-known delicate tissue sarcomas of youth and immaturity. The pleomorphic sort is generally found in grown-ups.

CAUSES OF OSTEOSARCOMA (OS) - CANCER

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A few exploration bunches are examining malignancy undifferentiated cells and their capability to cause growths alongside qualities and proteins causative in various phenotypes. Radiotherapy for random conditions might be an uncommon cause.

A little exaggerated marker chromosome or a goliath bar chromosome is available in the growth cells of poor quality OS including second rate focal OS and paraosteal OS (see beneath Variants section), convey different conceivably favorable to malignant qualities, and are thought to add to the improvement of these OS. Small effusive marker chromosomes and monster pole chromosomes in osteosarcomas.

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Familial situations - where the cancellation of chromosome 13q14 inactivates the retinoblastoma quality is related with a high danger of osteosarcoma advancement. 

Bone dysplasias - including Paget's illness of bone, stringy dysplasia, enchondromatosis, and genetic various exostoses, increment the danger of osteosarcoma. 

Li–Fraumeni disorder (germline TP53 change) - is an inclining factor for osteosarcoma improvement. 

Rothmund – Thomson disorder (for example autosomal latent relationship of innate bone imperfections, hair and skin dysplasias, hypogonadism, and waterfalls) is related with expanded danger of this infection. 

Huge portions of Sr-90 - nicknamed bone searcher, expands the danger of bone disease and leukemia in creatures and is ventured to do as such in people.

There is no reasonable relationship between water fluoridation and malignant growth or passing because of disease, both for malignancy overall and furthermore explicitly for bone disease and osteosarcoma. Series of examination presumed that centralization of fluoride in water doesn't connect with osteosarcoma. The convictions in regards to relationship of fluoride openness and osteosarcoma come from an investigation of US National Toxicology program in 1990, which showed dubious proof of relationship of fluoride and osteosarcoma in male rodents. Be that as it may, there is still no strong proof of malignancy causing propensity of fluoride in mice. Fluoridation of water has been drilled all throughout the planet to work on residents' dental wellbeing. It is likewise considered as significant wellbeing success. Fluoride focus levels in water supplies are controlled, for example, United States Environmental Protection Agency directs fluoride levels to not be more noteworthy than 4 milligrams for each liter. Actually, water supplies as of now have normal happening fluoride, however numerous networks decided to add more fluoride to the point that it can diminish tooth decay. Fluoride is additionally known for its capacity to cause new bone formation. Yet, further examination shows no osteosarcoma hazards from fluoridated water in humans. Most of the exploration included counting number of osteosarcoma patients cases specifically regions which has contrast convergences of fluoride in drinking water. The measurement investigation of the information shows no huge distinction in events of osteosarcoma cases in various fluoridated regions. Another significant exploration included gathering bone examples from osteosarcoma patients to gauge fluoride fixation and contrast them with bone examples of recently analyzed threatening bone growths. The outcome is that the middle fluoride focuses in bone examples of osteosarcoma patients and cancer controls are not essentially different. Not just fluoride fixation in bones, Fluoride openings of osteosarcoma patients are likewise shown to be not fundamentally unique in relation to solid individuals. 

MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA - CANCER

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MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA, also known as UNDIFFERENTIATED PLEOMORPHIC SARCOMA, can be defined as soft-tissue sarcoma. 

Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma is indicated a diagnoses of exclusion for sarcomas that cannot be more preciously classified or defined. Other sarcomas are cancer in the form of bone and soft-tissues, involving muscles, fat, blood-vessels and lymph vessels and fibrous tissues i.e., tendons and ligaments.

CANCER

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CANCER, can be defined as the cluster of diseases which includes abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible Signs and Symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, reduction in weight loss, abnormal pattern of bowel movements. While these Signs and Symptoms, may indicate cancer, they may also cause other reasons. 

There are more than 100 types of cancers.

COVID-19 pandemic in India

The COVID-19 Pandemic in India is a part of global and widespread pandemic of corona virus disease (COVID-19) spread by severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On 17th August 2021, as per data & records, India has second excessive and high-rise cases World-Wide, U.S. was the first one with approximately, 32.2 million reported cases of COVID-19 infection and the third enormous number of COVID-19 deaths. Brazil attains third position in the World after U.S., approximately 4,32,079 deaths. However, these reports indicated severe under-reporting.

The first case of COVID-19 in India were seen in South towns of Kerala on January 2020, with three medical students who had returned from Wuhan, China, the mainland and epicenter of COVID-19 pandemic. The government announced lock-down in Kerala on 23rd March and rest of the India on 25th March. On 10th June, India's rehabilitation exceeded active cases first time. Active cases started to drop in September along with the number of new and active cases. Regular cases peaked in mid-September with over 90,000 cases reported per day, Dropping to below 15,000 in January 2021. A second wave started in March 2021 was more devastating than the first, with the deficiency of medical treatment includes hospital beds, oxygen cylinders, ventilators, vaccines, and other medical supplies in all urban and rural areas of an India. By late April, India led the World by new and active cases. On 30th April, India became the first country to report 4,00,000 cases in a day. Scientists and researchers recommended that the Virus can reach an epidemic stage in India instead of completely recovered in  late April 2021.

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Transmission of Corona virus (COVID-19)

The COVID-19 disease is mainly transmitted via the airborne route when people inhale droplets and small airborne particles (that form a aerosol) that infected people when breath out as they breathe, talk, cough, sneeze or sing. Infected people are more likely to transmit COVID-19 when they are physically close. Infection can occur over longer distance, particularly indoors.

Infectivity begins as early as three days before symptoms appear and people are most infectious just prior to and during the onset of symptoms. It declines after a first week, but infected people remain contagious for up to 20 days. People can spread the disease even if they are asymptomatic.

Infectious particles range in size from aerosols that remain suspended in the air for long periods of time to larger droplets that remain airborne or fall to the ground. Various groups utilize terms such as "airborne" and "droplet" both in technical and general ways leading to confusion around terminology. Additionally, COVID-19 research has defined the traditional understandings of how respiratory viruses are transmitted. The largest droplets of respiratory fluids do not travel far and can be inhaled or land on mucous membranes on the eyes, nose, or mouth to infect. Aerosols are higher in concentration when people are in close proximity, which leads to easier viral transmission when people are physically close, but air borne transmission occur at longer distances, mainly in locations that are poorly ventilated; in those situations particles can remain suspended in the air for minutes to hour.

The number of people generally infected by one infected person varies; as only 10% - 20% people are responsible for the disease's spread. It often spreads in clusters, where infection can be tracked back to an index case or geographical location. Often in these instances, superspreading events occur where people are infected by one person. 

...... this is how transmission occurs ? & this is the end of topic..... 😜 😜 😜

How does the Corona virus (COVID-19) spread/caused ?

COVID-19 transmits when people breathe in air contaminated by droplets and small airborne particles containing the virus. The risk of breathing these in is highest when people are in close proximity, but they can be inhaled over longer distances, particularly indoors. Transmission can also occur if splashed or sprayed with contaminated fluid in the eyes, nose or mouth and rarely via contaminated surfaces. Several testing methods or techniques have been developed to diagnose the disease. The standard diagnostic method is by detection of the virus by nucliec acid by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) transcription-meditated amplification (TMA), or by reverse transcription loop-meditated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) from a nesopharyngeal swap.

Preventive measures include physical and social distancing, quarantining, ventilation of indoors spaces, covering cough and sneezes, hand-washing and keeping unwashed hands away from the face. The use of face mask or coverings has been recommended in public settings to minimize the risk of transmission.

While working to underway to develop drugs that inhibit the virus (and several vaccines for it have been approved and distribution in various countries, which have since initiated mass vaccinations campaigns), the primary treatment is symptomatic. Management involves the treatment of symptoms, supportive care, isolation and experimental measures.

.....this is how the corona virus spread & the end of this topic ..... 😜😜