Mechanism of Pituitary adenoma

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The pituitary gland or hypophysis is regularly referred to as the "grasp gland" of the human frame. Part of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, it controls most of the frame's endocrine capabilities thru the secretion of numerous hormones into the circulatory system. The pituitary gland is positioned under the mind in a melancholy (fossa) of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica. Although anatomically and functionally related to the mind, the pituitary gland sits outdoor the blood–mind barrier. It is separated from the subarachnoid space by the diaphragma sella, consequently the arachnoid mater and as a consequence cerebral spinal fluid can not enter the sella turcica.

The pituitary gland is split into two lobes, the anterior lobe (which debts for two thirds of the extent of the gland), and the posterior lobe (1/3 of the quantity) separated by way of the pars intermedia.

The posterior lobe (the neural lobe or neurohypophysis) of the pituitary gland isn't, in spite of its name, a true gland. The posterior lobe includes axons of neurons that expand from the hypothalamus to which it's miles connected thru the pituitary stalk. The hormones vasopressin and oxytocin, produced via the neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, are stored in the posterior lobe and launched from axon endings (dendrites) inside the lobe.

The pituitary gland's anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) is a real gland which produces and secretes six distinct hormones: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone (GH), and prolactin (PRL).